The following is a summary of “Association of Blood-Based Biomarkers and 6-Month Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patients With Mild TBI: A CENTER-TBI Analysis,” published in the December 2024 issue of Neurology by Whitehouse et al.
Researchers conducted a retrospective study to explore how blood biomarkers are linked to 6-month outcomes in people with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
They analyzed data from 1,589 people with mTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] scores 13-15) in the Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study. The relationship between biomarkers (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], neurofilament light [NfL], neuron-specific enolase [NSE], S100 calcium-binding protein B [S100B], tau, and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 [UCH-L1]) and 6-month outcomes was examined using multivariable binary logistic regression. The outcomes included functional recovery, HRQoL, post-concussion symptoms, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
The results showed that higher levels of biomarkers were linked to poorer functional recovery (Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended [GOSE] score <8). S100B (OR1.78, 95% CI 1.43-2.23) and UCH-L1 (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.01-1.33) were associated with worse outcomes in people with- CT scans. In people with positive CT scans, GFAP (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.11-1.36), NfL (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.11-1.52), S100B (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.23-1.86), tau (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.17-1.59), and UCH-L1 (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17-1.53) were also associated with poorer outcomes. Biomarkers such as NfL and UCH-L1 were linked to worse HRQoL and anxiety in people with +CT scans, while GFAP was associated with better QoL in people with -CT scans.
They concluded that higher levels of biomarkers in people with mTBI were linked to poorer functional outcomes. However, higher levels of GFAP were associated with better HRQoL in those with -CT scans.
Source: neurology.org/doi/10.1212/WNL.0000000000210040
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